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The term lifestyle can denote the interests, opinions, behaviors, and behavioral orientations of an individual, group, or culture.〔(Lifestyle ) from Merriam-Webster's Dictionary〕 The term was originally used by Austrian psychologist Alfred Adler (1870-1937).〔(Online Etymology Dictionary )〕 The term was introduced in the 1950s as a derivative of that of style in modernist art.〔 The term refers to a combination of determining intangible or tangible factors. Tangible factors relate specifically to demographic variables, i.e. an individual's demographic profile, whereas intangible factors concern the psychological aspects of an individual such as personal values, preferences, and outlooks. A rural environment has different lifestyles compared to an urban metropolis. Location is important even within an urban scope. The nature of the neighborhood in which a person resides affects the set of lifestyles available to that person due to differences between various neighborhoods' degrees of affluence and proximity to natural and cultural environments. For example, in areas within a close proximity to the sea, a surf culture or lifestyle is often present. ==Individual identity== A lifestyle typically reflects an individual's attitudes, way of life, values, or world view. Therefore, a lifestyle is a means of forging a sense of self and to create cultural symbols that resonate with personal identity. Not all aspects of a lifestyle are voluntary. Surrounding social and technical systems can constrain the lifestyle choices available to the individual and the symbols she/he is able to project to others and the self.〔Spaargaren, G., and B. VanVliet (2000) "Lifestyle, Consumption and the Environment: The Ecological Modernisation of Domestic Consumption", ''Environmental Politics'' 9(1): 50-75.〕 The lines between personal identity and the everyday doings that signal a particular lifestyle become blurred in modern society.〔Giddens, A. (1991) ''Modernity and self-identity: self and society in the late modern age'', Cambridge: Polity Press〕 For example, "green lifestyle" means holding beliefs and engaging in activities that consume fewer resources and produce less harmful waste (i.e. a smaller ecological footprint), and deriving a sense of self from holding these beliefs and engaging in these activities. Some commentators argue that, in modernity, the cornerstone of lifestyle construction is consumption behavior, which offers the possibility to create and further individualize the self with different products or services that signal different ways of life.〔Ropke, I. (1999) "The Dynamics of Willingness to Consume", Ecological Economics 28: 399-420.〕 Lifestyle may include views on politics, religion, health, intimacy, and more. All of these aspects play a role in shaping someone's lifestyle. 〔Giuffrâe, K., & DiGeronimo, T. (1999) ''Care and Feeding of Your Brain : How Diet and Environment Affect What You Think and Feel'', Career Press.〕 In the magazine and television industries, "lifestyle" is used to describe a category of publications or programs. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lifestyle (sociology)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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